Elements in the Scene Coordinate Axes: Origin is bottom-left of the space. Z-axis is vertical with dots at fixed height 𝐻 H. 8 corner points define the 3D boundary using blue dots at edges. UAVs: Four UAVs are shown flying at a fixed altitude 𝐻 H, aligned along the X-axis. Each UAV is marked with: Coordinates ( 𝑋 𝑚 , 𝑡 , 𝑌 𝑚 , 𝑡 , 𝐻 ) (X m,t ,Y m,t ,H) or ( 𝑋 𝑚 , 0 , 𝑌 𝑚 , 0 , 𝐻 ) (X m,0 ,Y m,0 ,H) showing time-varying or initial positions. A semi-transparent green See more